Tungsten Carbide Nozzle

Made of tungsten carbide alloy, the hardness far exceeds that of ordinary materials, and the nozzle performance is greatly improved, stable and reliable.

Nozzle Types Kedel Provides for You

Cross - Groove Structure Nozzles

External Thread Structure Nozzles

Hexagonal Structure Nozzles

Plum - Blossom Arc - Shaped Structure Nozzles

Through - Hole Structure Nozzles

Hexagonal Structure Nozzles

circular hole Structure Nozzles

Can’t find the nozzle you’re looking for?

Please provide your equipment information, nozzle standards, operating environment conditions, and other customized information. We will communicate with you about the engineer’s customized solution (including thread drawings, material recommendations, and cost budget) within 72 hours.

What is a tungsten carbide nozzle?

Tungsten carbide nozzles for drill bits are precision components with tungsten carbide as the core material, compatible with various types of drilling bits. With high hardness (HRA 90 or higher), strong wear resistance and corrosion resistance, they can work stably in high-pressure fluids and highly abrasive formations. Their main function is to control the speed and direction of fluid jets to assist in rock breaking, cool the drill bit and remove cuttings. They are key components in drilling operations and widely used in fields such as oil drilling and geological exploration.

Common Nozzle Hole Structures

The type of nozzle determines key characteristics such as the ejection pattern, velocity, flow rate and distribution range of the fluid.

Straight Hole Type

Structural Feature: Straight-through cylindrical shape with no contraction or expansion in the internal flow channel, featuring an extremely simple structure.
Functional Advantage: Provides a stable and continuous jet flow pattern with low pressure loss during fluid passage.
Typical Applications: Conventional scouring (e.g., industrial equipment surface cleaning), cooling scenarios (e.g., drill bit cooling, mechanical component heat dissipation).

Convergent Type (Conical)

Structural Feature: Larger diameter at the inlet, gradually narrowing to a smaller outlet, forming a conical flow channel.
Functional Advantage: Accelerates fluid velocity through cross-sectional area reduction, significantly enhancing the kinetic energy and concentration of the jet.
Typical Applications: High-impact scenarios (e.g., drilling fluid rock breaking, ore crushing), atomization systems (e.g., fuel spraying, agricultural pesticide spraying).

Venturi Type

Structural Feature: Composed of a contraction section, throat (minimum cross-sectional area), and diffusion section, forming a streamlined composite structure.
Functional Advantage: Forms a high-speed jet at the throat while generating a vacuum suction effect via the Venturi effect.
Typical Applications: Scenarios requiring mixing or suction (e.g., chemical fluid mixing, vacuum 引流 in oil and gas extraction), high-kinetic-energy injection (e.g., high-pressure water jet cutting).

What types of drill bits can tungsten carbide nozzles be used with?

Tungsten carbide nozzles are compatible with various drill bit designs. Common applications include drag bits, roller cone bits, and DTH bits.

PDC Bits

Rotation-driven bits integrated with PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) cutters. Bit blades feature welded PDC composites for superior wear resistance and shearing efficiency, plus optimized flow channels (with nozzles) for cuttings discharge and bit cooling. Specialized for soft to medium-hard formations (e.g., shale, sandstone, carbonate rock) and directional drilling scenarios (horizontal wells, rotary steering systems), leveraging rotary shearing to efficiently break rock with high drilling speed and smooth operation.

Drag Bits

A cutting-type rotary drill bit that crushes formations via 2–6 scraping blades (welded with cemented carbide or PDC cutters). Its simple structure makes it cost-effective for low-pressure, low-rotation operations (e.g., water wells, mineral exploration, geothermal drilling) in soft to medium-hard formations (sand, soil, limestone).

Roller Cone Bits

Equipped with 1–3 rotating cones (three cones are most common), with cemented carbide welded onto cone surfaces. The cones break rock through impact, crushing, and cutting during rotation. Ideal for oil/gas drilling, hard rock mining, and large-scale foundation projects in medium-hard to ultra-hard formations (granite, basalt). While impact and wear-resistant, their complex design requires high-pressure fluid to cool/lubricate cone bearings, increasing costs.

DTH Bits

Impact-driven bits used with DTH hammers. Bit heads feature cemented carbide welding for enhanced impact and wear resistance, plus a central through-hole for cuttings discharge and bit cooling. Specialized for hard formation drilling (mine perforation, foundation pit support, tunnel exploration), leveraging a combination of impact and rotation to break rock in high-hardness, highly abrasive strata.

What application scenarios is the tungsten carbide nozzle suitable for?

Tungsten carbide nozzles leverage the high hardness and wear resistance of tungsten carbide to stably maintain jet morphology under extreme working conditions.

Domestic water well drilling

Oil and gas exploration & development

Blasting hole drilling in open-pit mines

What You Need to Know About Common Nozzle Parameters

Understanding parameters such as hardness, temperature resistance, and flow rate of tungsten carbide nozzles helps users accurately match the application scenarios of drill bits, preliminarily evaluate their service life, and thereby effectively control costs and efficiency.

Material-Related Parameters

WC Content Range	Core Performance	Typical Scenarios
≥95% (High Content)	Strong abrasion & hard rock impact resistance	Sand-laden mud drilling, granite penetration
85%–90% (Medium-Low)	Balanced hardness & toughness	Conventional drilling fluid circulation (e.g., sandstone reservoirs)

📌 High content excels in wear resistance but has lower toughness; medium-low suits broader general drilling.

Binder Type	Core Property	Applicable Scenarios
Cobalt-based (Co)	Impact resistance + high wear resistance	Mainstream drilling for roller cone / drag bits
Nickel/iron-based	Acid & alkali corrosion resistance	Acidic oilfields (sour gas wells), corrosive environments

📌 Cobalt-based is industry standard (cost-effective); Ni/Fe-based is tailored for corrosive conditions.

Structural and Dimensional Parameters

Parameter	Core Feature	Use Case
Orifice Diameter	0.5–20mm (2–10mm common) Small: High speed Large: High flow	Small (<5mm): Hydraulic breaking, sandblasting Large (>8mm): Mud circulation, cooling

📌 Small = Strong impact | Large = Less clogging

Parameter	Types & Features	Use Case
Orifice Shape	Straight: Stable flow Convergent: Faster fluid Venturi: High speed + vacuum	Straight: Bit cooling, cuttings cleaning Convergent/Venturi: Drilling fluid breaking, fuel atomization

📌 Straight = Basic | Convergent/Venturi = High energy

Parameter	Core Feature	Use Case
Nozzle Length	10–100mm (20–50mm common) Long: Stable flow Short: Fast response	Long: Deep-hole cuttings transport Short: Real-time drilling cooling

📌 Long = Deep holes | Short = Quick cooling

Parameter	Types & Features	Use Case
Installation Type	Welded: Sealed, non-removable Threaded/Cartridge: Removable, easy maintenance	Welded: Deepwater drilling Removable: Shallow mining (frequent changes)

📌 Welded = Long-term | Removable = Easy repair

Fluid Dynamics Parameters

Parameter	Core Info	Use Cases
Working Pressure	10–200 MPa (30–150 MPa common) Low: Stable flow \| High: Strong impact	Low (<50 MPa): Soft rock drilling (mud cooling) High (>100 MPa): Shale gas fracturing, mining waterjet cutting

📌 Low = Routine Jobs | High = Fracturing/Hard Rock

Parameter	Core Info	Use Cases
Discharge Coefficient (C)	0.7–0.95 High C: More flow \| Low C: Faster speed	High C (>0.9): Mud transportation Low C: Sandblasting, high-pressure injection

📌 High C = Move More Fluid | Low C = Boost Jet Speed

Parameter	Core Info	Use Cases
Spray Angle	15°–180° (30°–90° common) Small: Focused force \| Large: Wide coverage	Small (<45°): Central bit nozzle (rock breaking) Large (>90°): Peripheral nozzles (borehole wall cleaning)

📌 Small = Targeted Breaking | Large = Area Cleaning