tungsten carbide nozzle
Made of tungsten carbide alloy, the hardness far exceeds that of ordinary materials, and the nozzle performance is greatly improved, stable and reliable.
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What is a tungsten carbide nozzle?
Tungsten carbide nozzle is an industrial component made by pressing and sintering tungsten carbide material, which has high wear resistance, high strength, and high hardness to control the direction of a fluid or abrasive material being sprayed under high pressure.
The key characteristics and Benefits of Tungsten Carbide Nozzles:
- Extreme Wear Resistance: This is its number one advantage. They can last hundreds, or even thousands, of times longer than steel nozzles in abrasive applications.
- High Hardness: Resists scratching, deformation, and impact.
- Maintained Performance: Because the nozzle’s internal shape doesn’t change, it provides a consistent flow rate, pressure, and spray pattern throughout its long life.
- Corrosion Resistance: The material also holds up well against many chemical agents.
- Long-Term Cost-Effectiveness: While the initial purchase price is higher than steel, the dramatically longer lifespan and reduced downtime for replacement make them far more economical in the long run.
Common Nozzle Hole Structures
The type of nozzle determines key characteristics such as the ejection pattern, velocity, flow rate and distribution range of the fluid.
Straight Hole Type
Convergent Type (Conical)
Venturi Type
What types of drill bits can tungsten carbide nozzles be used with?
Tungsten carbide nozzles are compatible with various drill bit designs. Common applications include drag bits, roller cone bits, and DTH bits.
PDC Bits
Rotation-driven bits integrated with PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) cutters. Bit blades feature welded PDC composites for superior wear resistance and shearing efficiency, plus optimized flow channels (with nozzles) for cuttings discharge and bit cooling. Specialized for soft to medium-hard formations (e.g., shale, sandstone, carbonate rock) and directional drilling scenarios (horizontal wells, rotary steering systems), leveraging rotary shearing to efficiently break rock with high drilling speed and smooth operation.
Drag Bits
A cutting-type rotary drill bit that crushes formations via 2–6 scraping blades (welded with cemented carbide or PDC cutters). Its simple structure makes it cost-effective for low-pressure, low-rotation operations (e.g., water wells, mineral exploration, geothermal drilling) in soft to medium-hard formations (sand, soil, limestone).
Roller Cone Bits
Equipped with 1–3 rotating cones (three cones are most common), with cemented carbide welded onto cone surfaces. The cones break rock through impact, crushing, and cutting during rotation. Ideal for oil/gas drilling, hard rock mining, and large-scale foundation projects in medium-hard to ultra-hard formations (granite, basalt). While impact and wear-resistant, their complex design requires high-pressure fluid to cool/lubricate cone bearings, increasing costs.
DTH Bits
Impact-driven bits used with DTH hammers. Bit heads feature cemented carbide welding for enhanced impact and wear resistance, plus a central through-hole for cuttings discharge and bit cooling. Specialized for hard formation drilling (mine perforation, foundation pit support, tunnel exploration), leveraging a combination of impact and rotation to break rock in high-hardness, highly abrasive strata.
What application scenarios is the tungsten carbide nozzle suitable for?
Tungsten carbide nozzles leverage the high hardness and wear resistance of tungsten carbide to stably maintain jet morphology under extreme working conditions.
Domestic water well drilling
Oil and gas exploration & development
Blasting hole drilling in open-pit mines
What You Need to Know About Common Nozzle Parameters
Understanding parameters such as hardness, temperature resistance, and flow rate of tungsten carbide nozzles helps users accurately match the application scenarios of drill bits, preliminarily evaluate their service life, and thereby effectively control costs and efficiency.
Material-Related Parameters
| WC Content Range | Core Performance | Typical Scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| ≥95% (High Content) | Strong abrasion & hard rock impact resistance | Sand-laden mud drilling, granite penetration |
| 85%–90% (Medium-Low) | Balanced hardness & toughness | Conventional drilling fluid circulation (e.g., sandstone reservoirs) |
- 📌 High content excels in wear resistance but has lower toughness; medium-low suits broader general drilling.
| Binder Type | Core Property | Applicable Scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| Cobalt-based (Co) | Impact resistance + high wear resistance | Mainstream drilling for roller cone / drag bits |
| Nickel/iron-based | Acid & alkali corrosion resistance | Acidic oilfields (sour gas wells), corrosive environments |
- 📌 Cobalt-based is industry standard (cost-effective); Ni/Fe-based is tailored for corrosive conditions.
Structural and Dimensional Parameters
| Parameter | Core Feature | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Orifice Diameter | 0.5–20mm (2–10mm common) Small: High speed Large: High flow |
Small (<5mm): Hydraulic breaking, sandblasting Large (>8mm): Mud circulation, cooling |
- 📌 Small = Strong impact | Large = Less clogging
| Parameter | Types & Features | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Orifice Shape | Straight: Stable flow Convergent: Faster fluid Venturi: High speed + vacuum |
Straight: Bit cooling, cuttings cleaning Convergent/Venturi: Drilling fluid breaking, fuel atomization |
- 📌 Straight = Basic | Convergent/Venturi = High energy
| Parameter | Core Feature | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Nozzle Length | 10–100mm (20–50mm common) Long: Stable flow Short: Fast response |
Long: Deep-hole cuttings transport Short: Real-time drilling cooling |
- 📌 Long = Deep holes | Short = Quick cooling
| Parameter | Types & Features | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Installation Type | Welded: Sealed, non-removable Threaded/Cartridge: Removable, easy maintenance |
Welded: Deepwater drilling Removable: Shallow mining (frequent changes) |
- 📌 Welded = Long-term | Removable = Easy repair
Fluid Dynamics Parameters
| Parameter | Core Info | Use Cases |
|---|---|---|
| Working Pressure | 10–200 MPa (30–150 MPa common) Low: Stable flow | High: Strong impact |
Low (<50 MPa): Soft rock drilling (mud cooling) High (>100 MPa): Shale gas fracturing, mining waterjet cutting |
- 📌 Low = Routine Jobs | High = Fracturing/Hard Rock
| Parameter | Core Info | Use Cases |
|---|---|---|
| Discharge Coefficient (C) | 0.7–0.95 High C: More flow | Low C: Faster speed |
High C (>0.9): Mud transportation Low C: Sandblasting, high-pressure injection |
- 📌 High C = Move More Fluid | Low C = Boost Jet Speed
| Parameter | Core Info | Use Cases |
|---|---|---|
| Spray Angle | 15°–180° (30°–90° common) Small: Focused force | Large: Wide coverage |
Small (<45°): Central bit nozzle (rock breaking) Large (>90°): Peripheral nozzles (borehole wall cleaning) |
- 📌 Small = Targeted Breaking | Large = Area Cleaning
What are the commonly used threads for Tungsten carbide nozzles?
If customization is needed to match special equipment or operating conditions (e.g., non – standard thread profiles, pitches, or sealing structures), we support custom thread design according to customers’ drawings or technical documents, ensuring connection compatibility and operational stability.
| Thread Standard | Common Threads |
|---|---|
| British | 3/4 12UNF, 1-12UNF, 1 1/16-12UNF ，7/8-16UN, 11/16-12UN, 15/16-16UN, 1 1/4-12UNF, 1-14UNF-2A |
| Metric | M20x2, M22x2-6g, M27x2-6g, M32x2-6g, M39x2-6g |
What inner hole diameters range we can do?
Beyond standard inner – hole specifications, we support customization according to customers’ drawings or technical documents (including non – standard diameters and special flow channels), precisely matching drill bit models and formation conditions. Just provide design drawings or parameters to start custom production.
| Inner Hole Size (mm) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 6/32 | 6# | 0.1875′ | 4.76mm |
| 7/32 | 7# | 0.2188′ | 5.56mm |
| 8/32 | 8# | 0.2500′ | 6.4mm |
| 9/32 | 9# | 0.2813′ | 7.1mm |
| 10/32 | 10# | 0.3125′ | 7.9mm |
| 11/32 | 11# | 0.3438′ | 8.7mm |
| 12/32 | 12# | 0.3750′ | 9.5mm |
| 13/32 | 13# | 0.4063′ | 10.3mm |
| 14/32 | 14# | 0.4375′ | 11.1mm |
| 15/32 | 15# | 0.4688′ | 11.9mm |
| 16/32 | 16# | 0.500′ | 12.7mm |
| 17/32 | 17# | 0.5313′ | 13.5mm |
| 18/32 | 18# | 0.5625′ | 14.3mm |
| 19/32 | 19# | 0.5938′ | 15.08mm |
| 20/32 | 20# | 0.6250′ | 15.88mm |
| 22/32 | 22# | 0.6875′ | 17.46mm |
| 24/32 | 24# | 0.7500′ | 19.05mm |
| 26/32 | 26# | 0.8125′ | 20.64mm |